Temples have a mysterious yet calming atmosphere, don’t they? Did you know there are more than 70,000 temples across Japan? That number is quite surprising! But many people wonder, “What exactly do people do at temples?” or “How should I properly visit one?”.
This article is here to guide you, especially if it’s your first time visiting a temple. From basic knowledge to fascinating facts, we’ll make your temple visit an even more enjoyable and meaningful experience! Let’s dive in.
What Is a Temple in Japan? The Basics You Should Know
Temples are places of great importance in Japanese Buddhist culture and are deeply intertwined with Japan’s history and daily life. In short, a “temple” is a facility for learning and spreading the teachings of Buddhism. Some temples are home to buildings or statues designated as national treasures, and some date back centuries or even millennia!
The Difference Between Temples and Shrines
People often confuse temples and shrines, but they are entirely different. Here are their key characteristics:
- Temples: These are facilities associated with Buddhism. Temples often house Buddha statues, and monks live and practice there.
- Shrines: Shrines relate to Shinto, Japan’s indigenous religion. Instead of Buddha statues, you’ll find torii gates and places to honor kami (Shinto gods).
Remember, temples and shrines also have different etiquette and structures, so keep that in mind when visiting.
Fascinating Facts About Japanese Temples
1. Did You Know Temples Are Guarded by Fierce Statues?
At the entrance of many temples, you’ll find sculptures of fierce guardians, such as the “Nio” statues or the Four Heavenly Kings. These statues are placed to protect the temple grounds from evil spirits.
The “Nio” statues often look especially powerful. If you look closely, you’ll see that one statue has its mouth open and the other closed. The open-mouthed statue represents “Ah” (the beginning of the universe), while the closed-mouth figure represents “Un” (the end of everything). Together, they symbolize the totality of life and death. Isn’t that fascinating?
2. Japan’s Oldest Temple Was Built Over 1,400 Years Ago!
The oldest temple in Japan is Horyu-ji in Ikaruga, Nara Prefecture. It was established during the Asuka period (around 607 AD). Not only is it Japan’s oldest existing temple, but it is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its five-story pagoda is particularly iconic and awe-inspiring when you think about how it’s survived over 1,400 years of Japanese history.
Temple Visiting Etiquette and Flow of Worship
Visiting a Japanese temple is a calm and spiritual experience. However, there are a few basic manners you need to know.
1. Bow Once When Entering the Temple Gate
The entrance gate of a temple (called the Sanmon) symbolizes the boundary between the everyday world and the sacred grounds. Before crossing into this space, bow lightly to show respect and prepare yourself for a spiritual experience.
2. Walk Along the Left or Right, Not in the Center
The central part of temple paths, especially the approach to the main hall, is considered sacred territory reserved for Buddha. It’s polite to walk along the edges of pathways, keeping the center clear.
3. Purify Yourself at the Water Basin
At the temizuya or purification fountain, cleanse your hands and mouth before approaching the main temple hall. Here’s how:
- Take the ladle with your right hand and pour water over your left hand.
- Switch hands and pour water over your right hand.
- Pour some water into your left hand to rinse your mouth lightly (don’t drink directly from the ladle).
- Finally, let the remaining water run down the ladle handle to cleanse it before putting it back.
This ritual is a symbolic way to purify your body and mind.
Enjoying Temple Architecture and Buddha Statues
One of the highlights of visiting temples is admiring the intricate architecture and Buddhist statues. If you know a little about their significance, the experience becomes even more rewarding!
The Meaning Behind Five-Story Pagodas
Many temples in Japan feature five-story pagodas. These beautiful buildings represent the five major elements in Buddhism: earth, water, fire, wind, and sky (void). These elements are considered to make up everything in the universe. When you see a pagoda, think of it as a symbolic connection between nature and the cosmos.
Discover Japanese Temples Through the Seasons
Temples change their appearances with the seasons, offering different experiences throughout the year. Here are some seasonal highlights to look out for:
Spring: Admiring Cherry Blossoms at Temples
Temple grounds often have stunning cherry trees in full bloom during spring. Among them, Toji Temple in Kyoto is famous for its breathtaking cherry blossoms, especially during nighttime illuminations. It’s a sight you don’t want to miss if you’re in Japan in spring!
Winter: Peaceful Snow-Covered Temples
In winter, the snow creates a magical atmosphere at temples. For example, Ginkaku-ji (the Silver Pavilion) in Kyoto is known for its serene, snow-covered garden views. Temples in winter are much quieter, allowing visitors to enjoy a moment of peace and quiet.
A Day of Temple and Cuisine
Vegetarian Delight: Taste Buddhist Shojin Ryori
Shojin Ryori is traditional Buddhist vegetarian cuisine based on principles of keeping life in balance. Kyoto’s Ajiro or Kamakura’s Hachinoki are some of the most famous places to enjoy this meal. The seasonal vegetables and flavorful simplicity are both visually and spiritually nourishing.
Sweet Treats Around Temples
Many temples are located near small shops and sweet treat vendors. For example, when visiting Senso-ji Temple in Asakusa, Tokyo, don’t miss trying “Age-Manju,” a crispy and sweet fried bun. In Nara, “Nakatanido’s Yomogi Mochi” is famous for its freshly pounded and chewy texture.
Final Tips: Make the Most of Your Temple Visits
Temples are not just sightseeing spots; they are places where you can find peace and reflect on yourself. By learning a bit about their history and significance, your experience will become even more meaningful. Take your time, slow down, and savor the quiet moments during your visit to a Japanese temple.
